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Applications / Operational Meteorology

Operational Meteorology

Weather at the surface is shaped by conditions in the atmosphere above us. Understanding upper-air patterns is essential to forecasting the weather and its impacts on the ground.

From launch to forecast

Turning a balloon ascent into operational intelligence

The sounding follows the atmosphere vertically, revealing changes that surface stations cannot see.

01

Launch

The iMet-54-AA ascends beneath a meteorological balloon.

02

Measure

Temperature, humidity and GNSS-derived position and wind are sampled throughout the ascent.

03

Receive

The iMet-3400 captures the 403 MHz telemetry stream at the ground station.

04

Use

Quality-controlled profiles support forecasters, warnings and numerical models.

Standard operational system

Two products. One continuous sounding.

A compact ground receiver and a lightweight GNSS radiosonde form the core of the operational upper-air system.

InterMet upper-air antenna and receiver system
Ground system

iMet-3400 Antenna / Receiver

A compact 403 MHz receiving system designed to track and acquire radiosonde telemetry for routine upper-air operations.

Quadrifilar Helix Antenna–40 → +55 °C Operating Temperature
iMet-54 radiosonde
Flight instrument

iMet-54-AA GNSS Radiosonde

A new-generation 403 MHz radiosonde measuring temperature and humidity, with multi-constellation GNSS for wind and altitude.

80 gGNSS Multi-constellation0–50 km height>250 km range
>30%

Forecast uncertainty reduction over Africa in WMO-commissioned observation impact experiments.

Read the WMO evidence →
Why weather departments measure upper air

The weather is three-dimensional. Forecasting should be too.

⌁

Initialize forecast models

Vertical profiles help define the atmosphere’s starting state—the foundation of numerical weather prediction.

⚡

Recognize severe-weather potential

Temperature and moisture through the atmosphere reveal instability, inversions and layers linked to storms and fog.

✈

Support aviation forecasts

Observed winds and thermodynamic structure inform turbulence, icing, cloud and flight-level guidance.

◎

Strengthen the global network

Shared soundings fill observational gaps and improve forecasts beyond the station and across national borders.